Lesson 2.7

Solving with Like Terms

Before you start moving things across the equal sign, you need to clean up the mess. Combining like terms simplifies the equation into a friendly two-step problem.

Introduction

Imagine trying to organize a room. You wouldn't move one sock to the drawer, then one shirt, then another sock. You'd pile all the socks together first. Solving equations is the same: simplify each side before moving terms.

Past Knowledge

You can combine like terms (e.g., ).

Today's Goal

Combine terms on the same side of the equals sign to create a two-step equation.

Future Success

This is the first step in the "General Strategy" for solving any linear equation.

Key Concepts

The "Wall" Rule

The equal sign is a wall.
If terms are on the SAME side, combine them (Addition/Subtraction).
If terms are on OPPOSITE sides, use inverse operations to move them.

Combine ()
vs.
Move ()

Steps to Solve

  1. Identify Like Terms: Look for variables with the same exponent or constant numbers on the same side.
  2. Combine: Add or subtract their coefficients. Keep the sign with the number!
  3. Solve: You now have a simple two-step equation. Undo addition, then multiplication.

Worked Examples

Example 1: Combining Variables

Basic

Solve for :

1

Combine Like Terms

and are on the same side.

2

Solve Two-Step Equation

==
Divide by 7:

Example 2: Combining Constants

Intermediate

Solve for :

1

Combine Constants

Combine and .

2

Solve Two-Step Equation

==
Divide by 5:

Example 3: Tricky Signs

Advanced

Solve for :

1

Combine Like Terms (Right Side)

Combine and .

2

Solve (Add 9, then Divide)

==
Divide by -3:

Common Pitfalls

Opposite Operations on Same Side

For , students sometimes subtract from . Incorrect! Since they are on the same side, just add them: .

Combining Unlike Terms

You cannot combine and to get . One has an , the other doesn't. They are apples and oranges.

Real-Life Applications

Inventory management relies on this. If a store has shirts in the back, adds more from a shipment, and puts 5 on display:

Simplifying to makes it much easier to track stock levels quickly.

Practice Quiz

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