Lesson 3.10

Solving via LCD

When a rational equation has three or more terms, cross-multiplication won't work. Instead, multiply the entire equation by the LCD to clear all denominators at once.

Introduction

Cross-multiplication only works when there's exactly one fraction on each side. For equations like , we need a more powerful tool: multiplying every term by the LCD.

Past Knowledge

Finding the LCD (Lesson 3.5) and solving proportions (Lesson 3.9).

Today's Goal

Multiply every term by the LCD to clear all fractions, then solve the resulting equation.

Future Success

This is the universal method for all rational equations. Lesson 3.11 covers what happens when solutions are extraneous.

Key Concepts

The LCD Clearing Method

1

Find the LCD of ALL denominators in the equation

2

Multiply EVERY term on BOTH sides by the LCD

3

Each denominator cancels, leaving a polynomial equation

4

Solve the resulting equation

5

Check answers against domain restrictions

Why Does This Work?

When you multiply a fraction by its own denominator, the denominator cancels:

The LCD contains every denominator as a factor, so it clears all fractions simultaneously.

Worked Examples

Example 1: Numeric Denominators

Basic

Solve .

1

LCD = 6. Multiply every term by 6.

2

Simplify

Example 2: Variable Denominators

Intermediate

Solve .

1

LCD = . Multiply every term.

2

Simplify and solve

✓ (not zero)

Example 3: Factored Denominators

Advanced

Solve .

1

Factor: → LCD =

2

Multiply every term by LCD

3

Distribute and solve

✓ (not ±1)

Common Pitfalls

Multiplying Only Some Terms

You must multiply every single term on both sides by the LCD, including terms that aren't fractions (like the "5" in Example 1).

Distributing the Negative

In Example 3, , not . Parentheses matter!

Real-Life Applications

Work-rate problems are classic LCD applications: "If Pump A fills a pool in 4 hours and Pump B fills it in 6 hours, how long do they take together?" The equation is solved by multiplying through by the LCD.

Practice Quiz

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