Lesson 4.13

Solving Radical Equations

A radical equation has a variable inside a radical. The strategy: isolate the radical, then raise both sides to the power that eliminates it. Always check your answer!

Introduction

Equations like require a special approach. You can't just subtract or divide the radical away — you must square both sides (or cube, etc.) to undo the root. But squaring can introduce false solutions, so checking is essential.

Past Knowledge

nth roots (4.5), simplifying radicals (4.6), solving linear/quadratic equations.

Today's Goal

Solve equations with one radical by isolating and raising to a power.

Future Success

Lesson 4.15 focuses entirely on extraneous solutions — a critical skill from this lesson.

Key Concepts

The 4-Step Process

1

Isolate the radical on one side

2

Raise both sides to the nth power

3

Solve the resulting equation

4

Check your solution in the original

Power Rule

Raising an nth root to the nth power cancels the radical.

⚠️ Always check!

Squaring both sides can create solutions that don't work in the original equation (extraneous solutions).

Worked Examples

Example 1: Square Root Equation

Basic

Solve .

1

Radical is already isolated. Square both sides.

2

Solve

Check

Example 2: Isolate First

Intermediate

Solve .

1

Isolate the radical

2

Square both sides, then solve

Check

Example 3: Extraneous Solution

Advanced

Solve .

1

Radical is isolated. Square both sides.

2

Set equal to zero and factor

Two candidates: and

Check BOTH in the original

x = 4

x = −1

2 ≠ −2 → Extraneous!

Only

Common Pitfalls

Squaring Before Isolating

If you square without isolating first, you get a messy cross term. Isolate to first!

Skipping the Check

Squaring both sides can introduce extraneous solutions. Always substitute back into the original equation.

Real-Life Applications

The Pythagorean theorem is a radical equation in disguise. Finding missing sides or distances on a coordinate plane requires solving radical equations.

Practice Quiz

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